SVC - ABB

Sara Willforss System Lead Engineer
Angelica Angelhag, Regional Sales Manager
SVC: Soporte de tensión en red de
transmisión que alimentan minerias
Agenda
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 2

ABB & FACTS

Que és FACTS?

Mining Loads Caracteristics

Juna Down SVC experience
Como se organiza ABB
Cinco divisiones globales
Power
Products
Power
Systems
Discrete
Automation
and Motion
$10.7 billion
$7.9 billion
20,000
employees
$9.4 billion
29,000
employees
36,000
employees
Low Voltage
Products
Process
Automation
$6.6 billion
$8.2 billion
28,000
31,000
employees
employees
(2012 revenues)





©
ABB Group
June
20, 2013 | Slide 3
El portafolio de ABB cubre:
Electricidad, automación, controle y
instrumentación para la generación de
energia y procesos industriales
Potencia de Transmisión
Soluciones de distribución
Productos de baja tensión



Motores and drives
Robots and sistemas
Servicios para mejorar la
productividad y confiabilidad
FACTS
Business overview
Sistemas de Potencia
Grid Systems
Subestaciones
Network
Management
FACTS
©
ABB Group
June
20, 2013 | Slide 4
Power
Generation
FACTS
Impulsionadores de Mercado
Comercialización de Energia
entre regiones
Infrastructura antigua
Aumento en la producción
de energia
Impulsionadores Globales

Aumento de la carga y necessidad de confiabilidad

Desregulamentacion y Privatización
FACTS
Grupo Global
Grupo Global de FACTS
LEC
Level 1&2*
LEC
GEC
Level 3**
SE-FACTS
BRAZIL
USA
CANADA
INDIA
CHINA
SAUDI
AUSTRALIA
SOUTH
AFRICA
MEXICO
PERU
CHILE
TAIWAN
ITALY
ETC
GEC: Global Execution Center
LEC: Local Execution Center

*
Level 1: Stand alone contracts
Level 2: Joint contracts, LEC has operational lead within
mandate (GEC operational lead outside mandate)
**
©
Level 3: GEC operational Lead. Project specific DoW’s
ABB Group
June
20, 2013 | Slide 6
INOPC
FACTS Customer Services
Organización Global de FACTS dedicada a dar soporte
©
ABB Group
June
20, 2013 | Slide 7
FACTS Base Instalada
672 “activos” en 73 paises
During the past 30
years, ABB FACTS
has supplied more
than 800 plants
Active
= Installed
or extensively
upgraded by ABB.
Still in service and
not upgraded by
other supplier
None
1-10 stations
11-50 stations
>50 stations
©
ABB Group
June
20, 2013 | Slide 8
FACTS?
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 9
FACTS
Creando espacio para mas potencia en las lineas
Transmission Capacity
Thermal Limit
FACTS
Technology
”Usar la tecnologia FACTS es como remover a espuma del chopp”
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System
Turn Key Solutions
V1 /d1
Power flow
P=
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 11
SVC
STATCOM
Dyna PeaQ
V1 V 2
X 12
SC
TCSC
sin
P
V2 /d2
(d 1 - d 2 )
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System
Turn Key Solutions
Series Compensation
SC – Fixed
Shunt Compensation
SVC
STATCOM (SVC Light®)
TCSC - Controllable
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 12
Dynamic Energy Storage
SVC Light with Energy Storage
DynaPeaQ®
AC
DC
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System
Experience and History


© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 13
Shunt Compensation

SVC, since 1975

STATCOM (SVC Light®), since 1997

DynaPeaQ® (Energy Storage), since 2011
Series Compensation

Fixed SC, since 1950

Thyristor Controlled SC (TCSC), since 1997
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System
Porque usar FACTS?
 Beneficios de usar tecnologias FACTS:

Aumento de capacidad de transferencia de energia

Aumentar la estabilidad del sistema

Menores pérdidas y mayor eficiencia

Menor necesidad de lineas de transmision

Menor area necessária (LT)

Tecnologia mejor para el medio ambiente
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 14
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System
FACTS Aplicaciones
Aplicaciones de FACTS para
los siguientes segmentos de
clientes

Transmision

Distribucion

Industria

Energia Aeolica (coneccion
a la red)
FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission System
General – Mining Load Characteristics

Remote areas where power supplies are
weak or inadequate.

Rough, inaccessible terrain, more or less
unsuited for OH line construction.

The induction motors inherently draws
large amount of reactive power whenever
the operation is disturbed such that their
slip increases.

This dynamic reactive power load can be
dangerous to the grid’s capability to
maintain the voltage and a voltage
collapse can occur.

Ways to reinforce the grid:
Traditional

New power lines.

Upgrading voltages to higher levels.

Building local power plants.
The cost effective way

Utilize existing grid by using FACTS.
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 18
FACTS – Flexible AC Transmission System
What is SVC?
 SVC - Static Var Compensator
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 19

Thyristor Controlled Shunt Regulator of Reactive Power.

Regulate and control the connecting HV bus voltage, under normal steady state
conditions.

Provide dynamic, fast response reactive power following system contingencies, e.g.
network short circuits, line and generator disconnections.

Robust, reliable and well proven design!
SVC – Static Var Compensator
Main Components

Control System
 MACH 2, regulate and control the SVC.

TCR – Thyristor Controlled Reactor
 Dynamically controlled from zero current to full
current.

TSC – Thyristor Switched Capacitor
 Switched off with zero current or switched on
with full current.

Harmonic Filters Capacitors
 Reducing harmonics generated by the TCR.
Always connected!

Power Transformer
 Connects the SVC main components to HV bus.

MSC – Mechanically Switched Capacitor
 Only used in slow regulation, i.e. steady state
control.
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 20
SVC – Static Var Compensator
Voltage Control
The gain of the regulator determines the
response time and stability of the control The Control system determines the
system
gating pulses to the thyristors, and
responds to a signal representing the
desired output voltage/susceptance
Reference
Input
Vref
DV
+
Regulator
-
Primary
Feedback
Signal
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 22
Feedback
Elements
Bref
SVC
Controlled
Output
Vact
SVC – Main Components
Control & Protection, Thyristor Valve and Valve Cooling
Control & Protection


Mach 2 Control System
Thyristor Valve

Single phase valves
Pump
ETT (Electricaly Triggered
Thyristor) technology
Heat

More than 150 systems in
service


FACTS and HVDC

Conventional Protective Relays
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 23
Cooling System
Protection and supervision
integrated in the valve
Unit, dual pumps
Exchanger (Cooler)
Cooling
Control System
PS950,
MACH2 family
SVC – Main Components
Transformer, Reactor, Capacitor etc
Transformer

3-phase or 1-phase

Saturation is the
major charistic that
is different for SVC
transformers, than
for standard design
units.
Reactor

Air core
Capacitor

Internally fused
Additional Components
Current
Transformers
Voltage
Transformers
Electronic
Voltage Transducers
Surge
Arresters
Circuit
Breakers
Disconnectors
& Grounding
Switches
Station
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 24
Service Power
Juna Downs SVC
Background – Generation and Transmission Facilities
Pilbara
Generation & Transmission Facilities
500
km radial grid
The
main part of the generation is located at the coast.
Main
load is inland.
220
kV line connecting the load area with the coastal
generation area.
Contributes active as well as reactive power to
the mining load.

Availability
is degraded due to outages caused by
lightning.

At Juna Downs
The
load is 85% heavy mining loads with crushers,
conveyors, pumps, etc.
The
remainder chiefly consists of air conditioning.
The
fault level is low, dipping below 200 MVA in certain
grid situations.
During contingencies, the feeding voltage can drop to
0.8-0.5 p.u.

=> Large motors and other vital functions are lost.
Juna Downs SVC
Background – The need of SVC
Improve
the present power supply as well as to
accommodate the planned increase of ore
extraction.
The
primary function of the SVC is to provide
reliable reactive power support to the area and
stabilise the 220 kV voltage, keeping the system
and loads on line
Steady
state conditions
Transient
disturbances
Juna Downs SVC
Rating and Single Line Diagram

±100 Mvar for 1 hour

±75 Mvar continuous

2 TCR, 70 Mvar each

1 TSC, 60 Mvar

Transformer, 75MVA continuous
band 100 MVA for 1 hour

3rd Harmonic Filter, 15 Mvar

5th Harmonic Filter, 15 Mvar

7th Harmonic filter, 10 Mvar

2 MSC, 25 Mvar each
(Only used in slow regulation,
i.e. steady state control.)
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 28
Juna Downs SVC
Layout
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 29
Juna Downs SVC
Photo
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 30
Juna Downs SVC
Undervoltage Strategy
Low
fault levels in the Pilbara network below
200 MVA in certain grid situations.
During
contingencies, the feeding voltage
can drop to 0.8-0.5 p.u.
Studies
were performed to enable proper
SVC response to fault conditions.
Resulted
in a special undervoltage strategy.
Not only detects a symmetrical or
unsymmetrical fault in the network.

Also
blocks and deblocks the TSC in such a
way that the TSC operates to fully support the
system with reactive power when needed, but
is blocked at the instant of voltage recovery to
avoid overshoots.
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 31
Juna Downs SVC
Experience
SVC not in service,
voltage is fluctuating!
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 32
SVC in service,
voltage is stable!
Questions?
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 33
© ABB Group
June 20, 2013 | Slide 34